List of trees
The following is a list of trees from around the world. Trees listed here are regarded as important or specific by its historical, national, locational, natural or mythological context. The list includes actual trees located throughout the world, as well as trees from myths and trees from fiction.
Real forests and individual trees
Africa
Living
Historical
- Arbre du Ténéré, a very isolated tree in the Sahara region, destroyed in 1973.
Asia
Living
- The Cedars of God, a small forest (approximately 400,000 square feet (37,000 m2)) of about 400 Lebanon Cedar trees at about 2,300 meters above sea level in the mountains of northern Lebanon. The Cedars of Lebanon are mentioned in the Bible over 70 times and used as symbols of the Messiah, and they were prized by historical figures such as Herod, Alexander, and Julius Caesar. They also have a mention in the Epic of Gilgamesh.
- The Great Banyan in the botanical garden near Kolkata, a clonal colony of Indian Banyan with a crown circumference of over 330 meters.
- The over 1,300-year-old balete tree (related to banyan trees) located in OISCA Farm in Canlaon City, Philippines, is probably the oldest known tree in the country as estimated by botanists from Silliman University.[1][2]
- The Sri Maha Bodhi tree, a Sacred Fig propagated from the Bodhi tree, which was planted in 288 BC at Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka.
- The 450-year-old giant banyan tree at Adyar in Chennai, Tamilnadu, India, in the grounds of the Theosophical Society headquarters under which people listened to discourses by luminaries such as J. Krishnamurti, Annie Besant and Maria Montessori.
- Jōmon Sugi, a very large, old Sugi on Yakushima island, Japan.
- The Strangler Fig trees at Ta Prohm, Angkor, Cambodia.
- The 2,300-year-old cryptomeria, Great sugi of Kayano, at Kaga, Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan
- The 500-year-old pair of Ginkgo trees near Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea.
- The 400-year-old tree called the Big Banyan Tree at Ramohalli, Bangalore.
- The 400-year-old mesquite Tree of Life in Bahrain.
- A Chankiri Tree or Killing Tree was a tree in the Cambodian Killing Fields which children and infants were slung against to kill them.
- The Ying Ke Pine, or Welcoming-Guests Pine on Huangshan, China.
- A 100 year old Tembusu tree located at the Singapore Botanical Gardens is featured on the reverse of a $5 Singapore note.
- Methusaleh, a tree of the extinct Judean date palm which was sprouted from a 2,000 year old seed.
- The Thimmamma Marrimanu (World's Biggest Banyan Tree spread in 11 acres (4 ha) of land. It got entry in the Guinness Book of Records, 1989). It is located just 25 km away from Kadiri, Anatapur district, Andhrapradesh, India.
Historical
- Ekambareswarar Temple Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu, India - The sthala-virutcham is a 3,500 year old mango tree whose branches are said to yield four different types of mangoes.
- Alishan Sacred Tree, a species of cypress, was located at the Alishan train station, Taiwan. It fell on July 1, 1997.
- The Bodhi tree, a Sacred Fig tree under which Buddha obtained enlightenment at Bodh Gaya, India. The current tree at the site is a replacement.
- Guilty Chinese Scholartree, located in Jingshan park, on which Emperor Chongzhen hung himself shortly after escaping the Forbidden City in Beijing, China (the original tree died and was replaced by a replica).
- Changi Tree, a historical visual landmark located in Singapore. Thought to be a specimen of Sindora wallichii, with an estimated height of 75 metres (246 ft), it was felled with explosive charges during the Second World War to prevent its use as a ranging aide by the approaching Japanese artillery.
- The Lone Pine, a solitary tree on the Gallipoli Peninsula in Turkey, which marked the site of the Battle of Lone Pine in 1915.
- The Kalayaan Tree (Tree of Freedom), located near the front of the Minor Basilica of Our Lady of Immaculate Conception in the historic city of Malolos, Bulacan, Philippines. The siar tree was planted by Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo during a lull in the Malolos Convention. Under the tree is a monument symbolizing the meeting of Filipino revolutionaries represented by statues of Gregorio del Pilar and Gen. Isidoro Torres; Don Pablo Tecson, a legislator; Padre Mariano Sevilla, a nationalist leader of the church and Doña Basilia Tantoco, a woman freedom fighter.[3][4]
- The Kannimara Teak inside Parambikulam Wildlife Sanctuary, Kerala, India is one of the oldest and largest living teak trees. It had a girth of 6.52 (= 21.4 feet) metres and a height of 48.25 (= 158.3 feet) metres when the measurement was taken in 2003.
- A tree within the Korean DMZ was the focus of the Axe Murder Incident, in which two United States Army officers were killed by North Korean soldiers. The killings led to Operation Paul Bunyan, named for the legendary lumberjack. The tree was eventually cut down under the watch of over 800 soldiers.
- The 1,000-year-old Ginkgo tree at Tsurugaoka Hachiman-gū, Kamakura, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. It was uprooted in a storm in 2010.
Europe
Living
- Old Tjikko, a 9,550-year-old Norway spruce in Sweden. The oldest individual clonal tree in the world.
- Ballyconnell Yew, an ancient yew in the grounds of Ballyconnell House, Annagh townland, County Cavan, Ireland reckoned to be well over 2,000 years old with a massive girth. Possibly the oldest tree in Europe.
- Fortingall Yew, an ancient yew in the churchyard of the village of Fortingall in Perthshire, Scotland; Various estimates have put its age at between 2,000 and 5,000 years.
- Florencecourt Yew an Irish Yew replanted in 1740 as a sapling in the Florence Court estate near Enniskillen, Fermanagh, Northern Ireland; following commercial propagation of the tree after 1820, it is believed that the majority of Irish Yews outside Ireland are derived from this one tree.
- Caesarsboom (Caesar's Tree) is a yew-tree in the town of Lo, Belgium which is famous for the legend that the Roman Emperor Julius Caesar attached his horse to it when conquering the region.
- Estry Yew (Normandy, France) over 1 600 years old ; considered one of the oldest trees in France. Its hollow trunk can contain 30 people.
- La Haye-de-Routot Yews (Normandy, France) around 1500 years old ; a chapel with a door was designed in one of them.
- The forest swastika was a patch of carefully arranged larch trees covering a 60-yard (55 m) square area of pine forest near Zernikow, Germany.
- Granit oak, an oak in Granit village near Stara Zagora in Bulgaria; one of the oldest trees in Europe, estimated to be about 1,650 years old. Its crown spread covers an area of 1,017 square metres, its girth is 7.45 m, and its height is 23.4 m.
- Bartek, the most famous tree in Poland, visited by kings, said to be about 1,200 years old (actually 650–670 years according to recent studies). It's 30 m tall, 13.5 m in girth near the ground, with a crown spread of 40 m.
- Gernikako Arbola, an oak representing the Basque people, at Guernica, Basque Country, Spain.
- The Queen Elizabeth Oak in the grounds of the Royal Palace of Hatfield in Hertfordshire is said to be the location where Elizabeth I of England was told she was queen in 1558.
- Kongeegen (the King Oak), an ancient Pedunculate oak in Jægerspris Nordskov, Sjælland, Denmark; estimated to be over 1,200 years old, the oldest tree in Denmark.
- Allouville-Bellefosse Oak (Normandy, France), a 1200 year old pedunculate oak, under which William the Conqueror would have stopped, according to a local legend. There is a chapel designed inside.
- Poltava Oak, Ukraine, an oak under which czar Peter I rested at the Battle of Poltava in 1709; 600 years old.
- Stoke Gabriel churchyard yew. An ancient yew in the churchyard of the village of Stoke Gabriel, in Devon, England; said to be the oldest tree in England.
- Major Oak, an ancient Pedunculate oak in Sherwood Forest, Nottinghamshire, England, the most famous and most visited tree of Great Britain. About 800 years old, with a girth at breast height of 10.5 m.
- Ivenack Oak, a huge and ancient Pedunculate oak in Ivenack, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany, thought to be about 800 years old, 35 m tall, 11 m in girth at breast height and 16.5 m near the ground. The largest oak in Germany and (in wood volume) probably in Europe.
- Baikushev's Pine, an ancient Bosnian Pine in the Pirin mountains near Bansko, Bulgaria, estimated to be 1,300 years old. It is one of the oldest trees of Bulgaria and stands 24 m tall with a girth of 6.9 m at breast height.
- Stelmužė Oak, a Pedunculate oak in Stelmužė, Zarasai district, Lithuania; it is thought to be around 1,500 years old, with a girth at breast height of 9.58 m and 13 m near the ground. The oldest tree in Lithuania and the Baltic States.
- The Chestnut Tree of One Hundred Horses, located in Sant'Alfio on the eastern slope of Mount Etna in Sicily, is probably the world's oldest and largest chestnut.
- Grana Double Tree, a tree which grows in a hollow tree near Grana, Piemont, Italy [1]
- Le Gros chêne de Liernu (the big oak of Liernu), known as the oldest one in Belgium, 15 north from Namur. It is estimated at certainly 800 or 900 years old, maybe more than 1.000 years.
- The Oaks of Rogalin - thousand-year-old trees in Rogalin, Greater Poland, named after the three mythic founders of the slavic nations.
- The Olive tree of Vouves is an olive tree in the village of Ano Vouves in Kolymbari in Chania Prefecture, Crete, Greece. It is confirmed to be at least 2000 years old based on tree ring analysis, but it is claimed to be between 3000–4000 years old.
- Old Oak, 600 years old tree, exactly 100 km from Belgrade, Serbia, next to E-75 highway.
- Koča's oak, near Jagodina, Serbia, named after Koča Anđelković.
- Veliki Popovac oak, in the village of Veliki Popovac, Serbia.
- Plane tree at Miloš's Residence, the oldest plane tree in Belgrade, Serbia, of exquisite size.
- Flower Square oak in Belgrade, Serbia, around two centuries old, the last remaining of the forest that covered the area.
- Brian Boru's Oak, A reputedly 1000 year old oak tree planted by Brian Boru, Last King of Ireland, in Raheen Woods county Clare in Ireland.
Historical
- Anne Frank Tree, the horse-chestnut tree in the city center of Amsterdam that was featured in Anne Frank's The Diary of a Young Girl. The tree was destroyed in a gale in the late summer of 2010.
- Merlin's Oak at Carmarthen, Wales.
- Glastonbury Thorn, a hawthorn reputed to have been planted by Joseph of Arimathea.
- Thor's Oak, a tree sacred to the Germanic tribe of the Chatti, ancestors of the Hessians.
- The Sacred tree at Uppsala was a sacred tree venerated by Norse pagans that was located at the Temple at Uppsala, Sweden, in the second half of the 11th century.
- Royal Oak, the Pedunculate oak in which King Charles II hid to escape the Roundheads following the Battle of Worcester in 1651, located in Boscobel, England (deceased and replaced by a descendant).
- Shakespeare's mulberry tree at New Place, Stratford-upon-Avon, cut down in the mid-18th century and fashioned into mementos.
- Tree of Hippocrates, the Oriental plane under which Hippocrates is supposed to have taught, on the island of Kos, Greece.
- The Red Forest, formerly the Worm Wood Forest, refers to the trees growing in the 10 km2 surrounding the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant and is one of several of the Chernobyl disaster effects on April 26, 1986. The name 'Red Forest' comes from the ginger brown colour of the pine trees after they died following the absorption of high levels of radiation.
- The Danger Tree, which marks the area of highest casualties suffered by the Royal Newfoundland Regiment during their attack at Beaumont Hamel during the Battle of the Somme. The current 'tree' is a concrete replica, however growth around the replica may be from the same root system as the original tree.
- Takovo bush, an oak in Takovo, Serbia under which Miloš Obrenović started the Second Serbian Uprising.
- Pine of Tsar Dušan, a Bosnian Pine near Uroševac, Serbia, planted in 1336 by Tsar Dušan, destroyed by Albanian extremists in 1999.
- Poplar of Horror, a poplar in Donja Gradina, Bosnia and Herzegovina, used for mass executions of inmates of the Jasenovac concentration camp.
Petrified
North America
Living
- The Angel Oak, a Southern live oak on Johns Island, South Carolina, near Charleston, South Carolina is estimated at 1,400 years of age. The tree and surrounding park have been owned by the neighboring city of Charleston since 1991.
- El Árbol del Tule, the stoutest tree in the world, a Moctezuma Cypress in Santa María del Tule, Oaxaca, Mexico.
- El Arbolito (The Little Tree), traditional landmark used to give directions in Managua, Nicaragua.
- Gloomy Night Tree (Árbol de la Noche Triste) (Tacuba, Mexico City, Mexico) An old tree where Hernan Cortes allegedly mourned after being expelled from Tenochtitlan before taking the city by force.
- The Balmville Tree, the oldest eastern cottonwood in the Eastern United States, in Balmville, New York. Among its other protections, it is New York's smallest state forest.
- The Big Oak, one of the oldest Live Oak trees east of the Mississippi river, located in Thomasville, Georgia.
- The Big Tree - Goose Island, Texas' largest tree, located in Goose Island State Park, Rockport, Texas.
- Bogey's Tree, a well known tree on the 12th hole at Riviera Country Club located in Pacific Palisades, California which is named for Humphrey Bogart.
- The Buttonball Tree, large American sycamore located in Sunderland, MA.
- Chandelier Tree, a Coast Redwood with a passage for cars cut through.
- The Circus Trees, a group of trees shaped into artistic forms by Axel Erlandson in California
- The Comfort Maple tree, a 24.5 metres (80 ft) tall, approx. 500-year-old Sugar maple (Acer saccharum) located in Pelham, Ontario.
- The Emancipation Oak, Hampton, Virginia
- The General Grant tree, the "Nation's Christmas Tree" of the United States, a Giant Sequoia in Kings Canyon National Park, California.
- The General Sherman tree, the world's largest Giant Sequoia, located in Sequoia National Park, California.
- The Grizzly Giant, one of the oldest and largest Giant Sequoias in Yosemite National Park, California.
- The Hangman's Elm, an English Elm and the oldest known tree in Manhattan.
- The Hare Krishna Tree, an American Elm in Manhattan's East Village notable as the founding site of the Hare Krishna movement in the U.S.
- Hyperion, a Coast Redwood in California, at 115.5 m tall the tallest tree in the world, found in 2006.
- Stratosphere Giant, also a Coast Redwood, 112.8 m tall, the tallest tree in the world until displaced by Hyperion.
- Iluvatar; third largest known Coastal Redwood. It is located in Atlas Grove (a grove of redwood trees) in Prairie Creek Redwoods State Park.
- Le Chêne à Papineau, a 20 m tall Northern Red Oak in Montebello, Quebec. At 300 years old, it is one of the oldest known trees in Quebec.
- Lady Liberty is a large cypress tree, 89 feet (27 m) high, 10 feet (3.0 m) in diameter, and estimated to be 2000 years old.
- The Linden Oak, North Bethesda, Maryland.
- The Lone Cypress, a dramatically situated Monterey Cypress on the 17 Mile Drive in Pebble Beach, California.
- Lost Monarch in Jedediah Smith Redwoods State Park is the largest known Coastal Redwood.
- Luna, The tree is between 600 and 1000 years old and lives in a grove of old growth forest in Headwaters Forest in Humboldt County, California. The tree was the home of tree sitter Julia Butterfly Hill who lived in the tree for 738 days.
- The Marlboro Tree, a massive black willow tree. It is about 152 years old and measures 76 feet (23 m) in height and 19 ft 8 in (5.99 m) in circumference. Five grown people must hold hands to fully encircle the tree.
- Methuselah, a candidate for the oldest known living organism (approximately 4,700 years), a Great Basin Bristlecone Pine in California.
- Moon trees, grown from seeds taken into orbit around the moon
- The National Christmas Tree, a blue spruce planted in President's Park in Washington, D.C.. It was 9 meters (30 ft) tall when it was transplanted from York, Pennsylvania, in 1978. It was felled by a windstorm on February 19, 2011.
- El Palo Alto, a Coast Redwood in Palo Alto, California.
- Pando (Latin for "I spread"), a Quaking Aspen colony in Utah, is the oldest known clonal colony at possibly 80,000 years, and the heaviest at 6,000 tonnes.
- The Perryville Tree engravings, trees carved by mentally ill veterans in Perryville, Maryland.
- The Tree of Lasha, an old short growing tree, from the legend it stole young people and the children who stayed alone with it were never seen.
- The Queens Giant, a Tulip-tree (Liriodendron tulipifera) in northeast Queens, New York, that is 40 meters (134 ft) tall and 350–450 years old. It is the oldest living organism in the New York metropolitan area.
- Santa Barbara's Moreton Bay Fig Tree
- The Senator is the oldest Pond cypress tree in the world. It is 35 meters (115 ft) tall with a trunk diameter of 344 cm and an estimated stem volume of 119.4 m3. It is located in Big Tree Park, Longwood, Florida and is estimated to be 3,500 years old.
- The Seven Sisters Oak, a Southern live oak in Lewisberg, Louisiana, is believed to be nearly 1,500 years old. The tree has a girth of over 38 feet (12 m) and is the president of the Live Oak Society.
- The Survivor Tree is an American Elm that is incorporated into the Oklahoma City National Memorial. Located across the street from the Murrah Federal Office Building, it survived the terrorist bombing in Oklahoma City on April 19, 1995.
- Toomer's Oaks, in Auburn, Alabama, are two 130-year-old live oak trees situated at the downtown gateway to Auburn University. An Auburn tradition is to 'roll' the trees with toilet paper after the school's football team wins a game.
- Treaty Oak, in Austin, Texas.
- The Tree That Owns Itself, a white oak tree that, according to local folklore, owns itself and all land within 2.5 m (8 ft) of it in Athens, Georgia.
- The Washington Oak, a white oak in Princeton Township, New Jersey, USA that overlooks the Princeton Battlefield State Park; located where British and American forces first saw each other, igniting the Battle of Princeton in 1777.
- The Washington tree, a Giant Sequoia in California.
- The Witch Tree, also called Manido Giizhigance, or Little Cedar Spirit Tree by the Ojibwe Indian tribe, is a cedar near Grand Portage, Minnesota growing on the rocky shoreline of Lake Superior. It is at least 300 years old, possibly twice that, revered by the local Ojibwe Indian tribe, and mentioned by French explorers in 1731.
- The Salem Oak, an ancient white oak tree at the Salem friends burial grounds in Salem, NJ. 22 ft (6.7 m) circumference. Estimated between 500–600 years old.
Historical
- Black Hawk Tree, a cottonwood in Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin. Debunked local lore held that Sauk Chief Black Hawk once hid amongst its branches to escape his pursuers. The tree was destroyed by a storm during the 1920s.
- The Burmis tree, a limber pine near Crowsnest Pass, Alberta. Declared dead in 1979 but still standing on the north side of the Crowsnest Highway.
- The Buttonwood tree which once stood at the foot of Wall Street in New York City. It was under this tree that stock traders once gathered and formed the Buttonwood Agreement which later evolved into the New York Stock Exchange.
- The Charter Oak, in which the Connecticut charter was hidden from English governor-general Sir Edmund Andros.
- The Geneseo Big Tree at Geneseo, New York, a giant tree on the Genesee River, reported by some as an elm, by others as an oak. It was the site of the 1797 Treaty of Big Tree between Robert Morris and the Seneca tribe to sell most of western New York, also known as The Holland Purchase. It was washed away in a flood in the mid 19th century.
- The Hooker Oak at Chico, California
- Kiidk'yaas (The Golden Spruce), a rare golden Sitka Spruce sacred to the Haida, on Haida Gwaii (the Queen Charlotte Islands), British Columbia, Canada. The tree was illegally felled in 1997.
- The Liberty Tree at Boston, Massachusetts.
- The Mercer Oak, the white oak on which a wounded General Hugh Mercer rested during the American Revolutionary War's Battle of Princeton. Despite its fall in early 2000, it continues to be Princeton Township, New Jersey's emblem.
- The Mingo Oak, formerly the oldest and largest white oak in the United States until its fall on September 10, 1938. It was located in Mingo County, West Virginia.
- The Prometheus, a Great Basin Bristlecone Pine, was the oldest living non-clonal organism. The age was estimated at 5,000 years. The tree was cut down on August 6, 1964, by a graduate student and U.S. Forest Service personnel for research purposes, though at the time they did not know of its world-record age.
- The Treaty of Greenville Tree in Greenville, Ohio.
- The Mother of the Forest a 321-foot (98 m) giant sequoia
- The Washington Oak, on Hampton Plantation near Charleston, South Carolina. When George Washington visited Charleston in 1791, Eliza Lucas Pinckney complained about a live oak that blocked the view. Washington remarked that he liked the tree, so it was saved and has since been known as the Washington Oak.
- Wawona Tree, a giant sequoia with a tunnel cut through it. Fell in 1969.
- Wethersfield Elm
- The Wye Oak was the honorary state tree of Maryland, and the largest white oak tree in the United States.
Petrified
Other
Central America
Living
South America
Living
Oceania
Living
- Wollemi Pine, Wollemi National Park, Blue Mountains, New South Wales.
- Dave Evans Bicentennial Tree, Karri forest fire lookout tree with accessible platform, near Manjimup, Australia.
- Diamond Tree, Karri forest fire lookout tree with accessible wooden platform (52 m high), 10 km from Manjimup, Australia.
- Dig Tree, Cooper Creek, Queensland, used as a marker by members of the ill-fated Burke and Wills expedition.
- El Grande, at one time, the world's largest flowering plant.
- Gloucester Tree, Western Australia's most famous Karri tree, with accessible aluminium platform, in Gloucester National Park (61 m high).
- Old Jarrah Tree, Perth, Western Australia.
- Curtain Fig Tree massive Ficus virens (Strangler Fig) tree near Cairns, Australia. One of the largest trees in North Queensland. The vine dangles 15 metres to the ground to create a curtain-like effect.
- Cathedral Fig Tree another massive Ficus virens in the Danbulla Forest.
- Tane Mahuta ('Lord of the Forest'), a giant Kauri in Northland Region, New Zealand.
- Te Matua Ngahere ('Father of the Forest'), another giant Kauri in Northland Region, New Zealand.
- Banyan Tree Park in Lāhainā, Hawai'i. The tree was imported from India and was 2.5 m (8 ft) tall when it was planted on April 24, 1873 by Sheriff William Owen Smith to commemorate the 50th anniversary of Christian missionary work. The tree grew to 18 m (60 ft) high with 12 major trunks.
- The Boab Prison Tree, a tree located south of Derby, Western Australia, which was used as a prison for Indigenous Australian prisoners on their way to Derby for sentencing.
- The Centurion, a 99.6 metres tall Eucalyptus regnans tree located in Tasmania, Australia. The tallest known eucalypt and the tallest known angiosperm in the world, second highest tree species in the world.
Historical
Mythological and religious
- Bodhi Tree, under which Siddhartha Gautama, the spiritual teacher and founder of Buddhism later known as Gautama Buddha, achieved enlightenment, or Bodhi.
- World Tree
- Cutting of the elm, a legendary event concerning a tree at Gisors.
- Cypress of Kashmar, planted by Zoroaster and felled by Caliph Al Mutawakkil.
- Man-eating tree
- Thor's Oak, a sacred tree to the ancient Germanic tribe of the Chatti.
- Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil, from Christianity and Judaism.
- Tree of Life, from Christianity and Judaism.
- Ished tree, on the leaves of which the names of Egyptian pharaohs were written
- The Lote Tree
- The Zaqqum Tree
Fictional
See also
References
External links